Collectars might also contain capitula, or brief passages from scripture to be read after the Psalm text. As with many other liturgical books, these texts are arranged according to the cycle of temporal, sanctoral and common feasts. The Collectar contains the collects, or prayers, used in the Divine Office. The beginning of the Psalms, in the Camaldoli Psalter. Harrowing of Hell, Noli me tangere in the Winchester Psalter. The Book of Hours is a private devotional text, frequently commissioned by a wealthy secular patron, which contains a condensed version of the Divine Office that an individual might use to pray throughout the week. The Psalter is also the book upon which the medieval Book of Hours is based, and early forms of the horae were often attached to Psalters. They were often lavishly illuminated, most frequently with images of King David, as a type of author portrait, or with extended sequences of prefatory miniatures. Psalters often contain several other texts, such as a calendar, a litany of saints, and prayers. All 150 would be read by a monastic community throughout the course of a week, mainly at the hours of matins and vespers. The Psalter contains the text of the Old Testament Book of Psalms, divided up into groups of Psalms. Leaf from a Dominican Antiphoner with text for Easter. As they are commonly used by a choir, they are often large in format, with clear script and large decorative initials that act like bookmarks, helping to navigate the text. (Click on an image for an enlarged view and detailed description.)īeginning of Psalm 95 from the Howard Psalter and Hours.Īntiphoners contain the sung texts used in the Divine Office, arranged according to the cycles of temporal, sanctoral, and common feasts in the liturgical year. The breviary, developed in the 13th century, combines all of these musical and spoken texts used in the Divine Office into one volume, with the texts arranged according to the liturgical year. The psalter, collectar, office lectionary, and the martyrology provide the spoken portions of the office, and the antiphoner and troper provide the musical texts. As in the Mass, the divine dffice requires texts containing both the sung and spoken portions of the liturgy. This involves monks or nuns assembling every day at eight set times, called the canonical hours of matins, lauds, prime, terce, sext, none, vespers, and compline, in order to pray together. In addition to the daily Mass, members of monastic communities also celebrate the liturgy by performing the Divine Office. Liturgical manuscripts - Books for the Divine Office Introduction
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